identify the true and false statements about scientific research

Terms in this set (44) Place the parts of a study in the order in which they should happen to maintain an ethical study, from first to last. Each of the fourth graders in one school is randomly assigned to be in one of two classes, one in which a teacher continues using the old book and another in which a new teacher uses the new book. It is easy to take one's own culture for granted. After classifying each statement as factual or opinion, respondents were then asked one of two follow-up questions. Values and norms are often contested by various groups in society. In the scientific literature, there is a strong consensus that global surface temperatures have increased in recent . -Organic products tend to be preferred by more-educated consumers. Disclosure statement. Gross Although some of the work is custom, many of the cabinets are a standard size. The goal was to include an equal number of statements that would more likely appeal to the political right or to the political left, with an overall balance across statements. . In 1993, economics researcher Edward Saunders found that stock prices on the New York Stock exchange were slightly higher when the weather outside the trading floor was sunny than when then weather was cloudy or rainy. Which of the following statements accurately describes culture? Genetic testing of an individual reveals a predisposition to depression. Biological Sex 2.) -the one-directional impact of DNA evidence -concerns over the morality of creating new stem cell lines Our upcoming discussion of Einstein's special theory of relativity illustrates this point quite clearly. Incorrect Answer(s) Differing Value(s) Identify the true and false statements about external validity. Why does certified organic food tend to come from megafarms and other large, corporate food producers rather than small-scale operations that serve a local clientele? IfHarisonsfatherwerenothandicapped,wouldhebelikehisson? Even though there were some differences between the parties (for instance, 78% of Democrats compared with 68% of Republicans who correctly classified at least three of five factual statements), the more meaningful finding is the tendency among both to be influenced by the possible political appeal of statements. Instead, this study was intended to explore whether the public sees distinctions between news that is based upon objective evidence and news that is not. AreHarrisonandHozelBergeronreallysodifferent? IfHarrisonandhismotherwereputinthesameroom,theywouldnotbeabletocommunicate. The notion of (objectivity) can be skewed by the direction and focus of prior research. The equipment has a cost of$850,000, residual value of $50,000, and an eight-year life. Correct Answer(s) The main portion of the study, which measured the publics ability to distinguish between five factual statements and five opinion statements, found that a majority of Americans correctly identified at least three of the five statements in each set. Which of the following statements are reasons why basing one's conclusions on research is superior to basing one's conclusions on personal experience? The researchers examined how scientific facts were established. 1.)TRUE OR FALSE: Scientific investigations involve testable questions variable: The green revolution, which began around -, exported advanced food production techniques from the U.S. and - to developing nations like Mexico and -. the tendency to ignore the fact that you are vulnerable to biases, the tendency to accept ideas that feel natural, the tendency to seek out information that supports your beliefs, the tendency to think the first thing that pops into your head is correct. \end{aligned} Conley suggests that "the availability of organic products may add to health stratification by income." Form a hypothesis, or testable explanation. b. Marie Curie's husband was a joint winner of both Marie's Nobel Prizes. They produce higher yields. false Bruno Latour maintains that it would make no sense to say Ramses II died of tuberculosis, because the ancient Egyptians had not identified tuberculosis as a disease. But this result is only a little better than random guesses. Two biologists argue about whether viruses should be considered living or nonliving. 1. did not disclose a conflict of interest Identify each research method as either qualitative or quantitative. An indigenous people have no equivalent words for planet, Earth, or world. FULL STORY. Which of the following areas may present ethical concerns for individuals conducting social science research? -death in a traffic accident. b. la Gendarmerie royale du Canada Multiple replications of the same study provide strong support for a theory. Thus, the hypothesis is true, but it may not be true 100% of the time. Artificial intelligence - Wikipedia Figure 2. A comparison group allows experimenters to show that a treatment is effective. With the firms current input mix, the marginal product of capital is 12 and the marginal product of labor is 18. Identify each statement about Bruno Latour and Steve Woolgar's study of Jonas Salk's lab as correct or incorrect. soc 100 quiz (ch 2 and ch3) Flashcards | Quizlet In all other cases, P Q is true. For example, members of each political party were more likely to label both factual and opinion statements as factual when they appealed more to their political side. to conduct. }}\end{array} Boundary work is work done to maintain the borders between different branches of science and between science and non-science. One of the biggest setbacks to influenza research is the lack of ability of viruses to evolve over time. becoming a player and observing interactions in real time Scientific hypothesis | Definition, Formulation, & Example Shared Value(s) Disadvantage(s) The scientific method. For decades, researchers have been trying to nail down what influences eyewitness testimony and how much confidence to place in it. SOCI 101 InQuisitive Ch.17 - Science, the Env, Chapter 17. Identify some of the shared and differing values of Americans, according to the textbook. She should find out whether the celebrity has a scientific degree. Which reason did the local school board of Dover, Pennsylvania offer, in 1995, for requiring teachers to read to their students a statement challenging evolution? Survey research is usually quick and economical. Instructions To understand how false news spreads, Vosoughi et al. Genetic testing on remains exhumed from a historical burial ground. Si ambas formas son posibles, indica si expresan alguna diferencia de significado. ArrestHarrisonBergeronimmediately. Identify the problems as either flaws of the scholarly article or flaws of the news article. How reliable is eyewitness testimony? Scientists weigh in | Science | AAAS On a scale of 1 to 5 (where 1 equals strongly disagree and 5 equals strongly agree), how much do you support the current president's policies? Unreliable Source(s) This phenomenon was first identified in a 1977 study at Villanova University and Temple University. Flaw(s) of Scholarly Article bias. Incorrect Answer(s) On the other hand, almost four-in-ten Democrats (37%) incorrectly classified the left-appealing opinion statement Increasing the federal minimum wage to $15 an hour is essential for the health of the U.S. economy as factual, compared with about half as many Republicans (17%).3, In a separate part of the study, respondents were shown eight different statements. What would that mean, as applied to homosexuality? Science is a process of falsifying (ruling out) logical hypotheses. -Two biologists argue about whether viruses should be considered living or nonliving entities. Opinion statements were classified as appealing to one side if in recent surveys they were supported more by one political party than the other. Utilize online reports of exploitative journals. The libraries near the city center were all selected to implement a 2-week camp. What happened next? 178 views, 6 likes, 1 loves, 5 comments, 1 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from Rochester Seventh-day Adventist Church: The First Lie and the g-o-d Who Replaced God - Wes Peppers What are the main trends of the global green revolution that occurred in the second half of the twentieth century? The school administrators compare the average scores of the two classes on a mathematics standardized test at the end of the year and find that the class with the new textbook performed better on the test. The illusory truth effect (also known as the illusion of truth effect, validity effect, truth effect, or the reiteration effect) is the tendency to believe false information to be correct after repeated exposure. What are some causes of concern about the use of DNA testing in a criminological context? Why did the fatalities produced by Chicago's 1995 heat wave occur mainly among the elderly, the poor, and African Americans? universalism. They have the patina of legitimate science, but something has gone wrong. It is non-GMO In which context were the scientific techniques used by African Ancestry first developed? The individual statements are listed in an expandable box at the end of this section, and the complete methodology, including further information on statement selection, classification, and political appeal, can be found here. Study Skills: True/False Test Preparation Tips and Strategies Survey research uses only Likert scale questions. The type of research problem you choose depends on your broad topic of interest and the type of research you think will fit best. Testosterone 2.) To accomplish this, respondents were shown a series of news-related statements in the main portion of the study: five factual statements, five opinions and two statements that dont fit clearly into either the factual or opinion buckets termed here as borderline statements. Sana reads a post on Facebook about the health benefits of dark chocolate. Which questions would be part of the sociology of science? True/False Test Taking Strategies. Not Disadvantage(s) It is not always easy to decide what "science" is telling us. The factual statements were drawn from sources including news organizations, government agencies, research organizations and fact-checking entities, and were verified by the research team as accurate. Not Confound(s) . The increased use of Facebook, Twitter, and other social media by terrorist organizations in other countries to recruit new members is an example of what cultural phenomenon? Pull together statements that range across a variety of policy areas and current events, Strive for statements that were clearly factual and clearly opinion in nature (as well as some that combined both factual and opinion elements, referred to here as borderline), Include an equal number of statements that appealed to the right and left, maintaining an overall ideological balance, Health care costs per person in the U.S. are the highest in the developed world, President Barack Obama was born in the United States, Immigrants who are in the U.S. illegally have some rights under the Constitution, ISIS lost a significant portion of its territory in Iraq and Syria in 2017, Spending on Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid make up the largest portion of the U.S. federal budget, Democracy is the greatest form of government, Increasing the federal minimum wage to $15 an hour is essential for the health of the U.S. economy, Immigrants who are in the U.S. illegally are a very big problem for the country today, Government is almost always wasteful and inefficient. Identify the disadvantages of existing sources research. What is a scientific hypothesis? | Live Science Science has limits: A few things that science does not do Incorrect Answer(s) Lies spread faster than the truth. Scientific statements must be falsifiable. They found that elementary schools whose students had attended the longer summer reading programs and thus read more books boasted higher reading comprehension. (1 point) True False 13. In Denmark, scientific misconduct is defined as "intention[al] negligence leading to fabrication of the scientific message . the present/present bias. False Statement(s) . "Spinning" information from another product to match the producer's claims. the availability heuristic PDF 2 What Is Science? - SAGE Publications Inc Organic products may be healthier than non-organic products. Trust in those who do the reporting also matters in how that statement is interpreted. Incorrect Answer(s) Which one of the following statements is false? -They can be more nutritious. Psychology Chapter 10 Inquisitive Flashcards | Quizlet A. marketing information systems gather, access, and analyze data from intracompany sources, while marketing research handles all external sources. t. e. Andrew Jeremy Wakefield (born September 3, 1956) [3] [4] [a] is a British anti-vaccine activist, former physician, and discredited academic who was struck off the medical register for his involvement in The Lancet MMR autism fraud, a 1998 study that falsely claimed a link between the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine and autism. M 7 Flashcards | Chegg.com These risks are either external or manufactured, meaning that they are either due to natural phenomena or are created by human activity and technology. \scriptstyle\begin{array}{l}\bullet {\text { If Harrison and his mother were} \\ \text{put in the same room, they would not be able }} \\ {\bullet \text{ to communicate. }} (All of the factual statements were accurate.) Americans are more religious on average and thus more disposed to believe that human beings have a God-given right to alter nature. During the most recent month, only 900 units were produced; 4,500 direct labor hours were allowed for standard production, but only 4,000 hours were used. Hypothalamus 4.) concerns of stigmatization, privacy, and social stratification. 1. Facts. Incorrect Answer(s) Scientific ideas lead to ongoing research; Participants in science behave scientifically; Beyond physics, chemistry, and biology; Science in disguise; Science has limits: A few things that science does not do; Science in sum; How science works. answering a survey Although most students prefer true and false questions, these types of questions can be tricky. \end{array} Seattle libraries were interested in the effectiveness of summer reading programs in improving the reading ability of elementary school students. En fonction de la langue dans l'encadr, dites d'ou\^uu cette personne viennent ou reviennent. -involuntary disclosure of family genetics to government authorities What is typically true of producesay, fresh fruitthat is labeled "certified organic"? Study shows that repeated statements are more often judged to be true e. la Socite Radio-Canada Scientific evidence is information gathered from scientific research, which takes a lot of time (and patience!) Evolution is a theory, not a proven fact. A desire to keep pace with German atomic weapons research. Qualitative Memory [ edit] In psychology and cognitive science, a memory bias is a cognitive bias that either enhances or impairs the recall of a memory (either the chances that the memory will be recalled at all, or the amount of time it takes for it to be recalled, or both), or that alters the content of a reported memory. Find out whether the impact factor of the journal is at least 1.0. Drawing the line between science and pseudo-science. - Scientific When Americans see a news statement as factual, they overwhelmingly also believe it to be accurate. A firm purchases capital and labor in competitive markets at prices of r=6r = 6r=6 One such non-custom model is called Luxury Base Frame. \\ {\bullet \text { Are Harrison and Hozel Bergeron really so different? }} Lethabo's psychology professor tells him that people are likely to be swayed by a story that sounds good or makes sense. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Match each biological factor with its influence on sexual behavior. The Process of Scientific Research. The best explanation for the evolutionary survival of homosexuality is that homosexual men and women pass on their genes by helping to raise their nieces and nephews. Solved Identify whether the statements are true or false | Chegg.com Which of the following are advantages of survey research? misrepresented the results due to lack of training. HarrisonandGeorgeBergeronarefatherandson. IfHarrisonandhismotherwereputinthesameroom,theywouldnotbeabletocommunicate. ArrestHarrisonBergeronimmediately. problems that would result from the genetic screening of children at birth. Boosting Understanding and Identification of Scientific Consensus Can This article helps you identify and refine a research problem. (forswear; infiltrate). Desde que (ha llegado/lleg) mi primo a la ciudad, (nos hemos divertido/nos divertimos) mucho. We discussed many such generalizations in Chapter 1 . Problems False rumors spread faster and wider than true information, according to a 2018 study published in Science by MIT Sloan professor Sinan Aral and Deb Roy and Soroush Vosoughi of the MIT Media Lab. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. It is grown without synthetic pesticides. One possible explanation for the evolutionary survival of homosexuality is antagonistic pleiotropy. B. both tend to focus on nonrecurring information needs. What type of faulty thinking is Lethabo displaying? List of cognitive biases - Wikipedia The cost to manufacture the phone follows: Costperunit:Directlabor$15.00Directmaterials134.00Factoryoverhead(includingdepreciation)33.50Totalcostperunit$182.50\begin{aligned} What term is used by Thomas Kuhn to describe a conceptual framework for doing "normal science," as Kuhn calls it? These misperceptions, defined as factual beliefs that are false or that contradict the best available evidence in the public domain (Flynn et al., 2017), can be harmful to one's health and even hamper society's ability to address major challenges.One of the biggest challenges of our time is climate change, for . She should find out whether the celebrity is basing the claim on empirical evidence. Confound(s) -death in war It can be effective to focus only on the theoretical parts of the argument being made. The scientific method (article) | Khan Academy The results, reported in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science, reveal that the way negative statements are processed in the brain depends on the structure of the sentence itself. IfHarisonsfatherwerenothandicapped,wouldhebelikehisson? . The Principles of Research Ethics . What is the probability that a 75%75 \%75% free-throw shooter will miss his next free throw? Culture is the human equivalent of instinct in animals. Meta-analyses do not allow cherry-picking of certain studies. They deal with a relatively narrow set of phenomena. Counterexamples | Lesson (article) - Lessons | Khan Academy Incorrect Answer(s) In the 1990s, Evans says, questions about how to manage genetic engineering were being discussed by bioethicists and philosophers. -The researchers examined how scientific facts were established. Pronounce the letters French acronym, match acronym with its full form, and then provide the English equivalent. In this video, sociologist John Evans describes for Dalton Conley the evolution of people's thinking about genetic engineering. 2. how scientists engage in scientific research make their decisions The statements were written and classified in consultation with experts both inside and outside Pew Research Center. A Pew Research Center study shows 94% of middle and high school teachers say their students are "very likely" to utilize an online search engine for a research assignment (Purcell . Correct Answers: abstract, intro, method, results, discussion, refrences. The term is sometimes used in a legal context to describe certain kinds of testimony which are uncorroborated by objective, independent evidence such as notarized documentation, photographs, audio-visual recordings, etc. Ask a question. The ability to classify statements as factual or opinion varies widely based on political awareness, digital savviness and trust in news media, 3. Just as in true statements, false words elicited larger ERPs than true words in pragmatically-licensed, negative sentences. 1. how scientific fraud is uncovered Given the content listed above, a description of the research problem is .

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