osha conveyor safety 1910

Employers and manufacturers are encouraged to recommend other approaches if there is a potential for improving safety and reducing cost. (1) General. Vertical and inclined belts (paragraphs (e) (3) and (4) of this section) if not more than two and one-half (2 12) inches wide and running at a speed of less than one thousand (1,000) feet per minute, and if free from metal lacings or fastenings may be guarded with a nip-point belt and pulley guard. The validating laboratory, if a separate organization from the validation organization, shall assign technical responsibility for the validation of PSDI certification to a Technical Director. They shall operate readily when pushed or pulled. This responsibility includes: (i) Establishing periodic and regular maintenance safety checks and keeping certification records of these inspections which include the date of inspection, the signature of the person who performed the inspection and the serial number, or other identifier, for the forging machine which was inspected. The validation organization shall demonstrate that: a. (xiii) The clutch/brake control shall automatically deactivate in event of failure of the power or pressure supply for the clutch engaging means. 653, 655, 657; Secretary of Labor's Order No. Dp = Penetration depth factor, required to provide for possible penetration through the presence sensing field by fingers or hand before detection occurs. Bolts, nuts, and setscrews will, however, be permitted where they are covered with safety sleeves or where they are used parallel with the shafting and are countersunk or else do not extend beyond the flange of the coupling. 3. ), (7) Automatic snagging machines. The top rods shall be not more than 72 inches above the level on which the operator stands. (12) For all circular saws where conditions are such that there is a possibility of contact with the portion of the saw either beneath or behind the table, that portion of the saw shall be covered with an exhaust hood, or, if no exhaust system is required, with a guard that shall be so arranged as to prevent accidental contact with the saw. After receipt of a notification of preliminary disapproval, the applicant may submit a revised application for further review by OSHA pursuant to subsection I.B. The failure of a critical component shall necessitate the removal of the safety system from service until it is recertified and revalidated, except recertification by the employer without revalidation is permitted when a non-critical component or subsystem is replaced by one of the same manufacture and design as the original, or determined by the third-party validation organization to be equivalent by similarity analysis, as set forth in appendix A. Minimum requirements. (ii) Scheduling and recording the inspection of guards and point of operation protection devices at frequent and regular intervals. When a press is equipped for PSDI operation, it is recommended that the presence sensing device be active as a guarding device in other production modes. Natural sandstone wheels and metal, wooden, cloth, or paper discs, having a layer of abrasive on the surface are not covered by this section. (23) Die shoe means a plate or block upon which a die holder is mounted. (b) The performance of combined subsystems meets OSHA's operational requirements. Mechanical and electrical equipment and auxiliaries shall be installed in accordance with this section and subpart S of this part. c. Demonstration that review has been made of the reports covering the design certification/validation, the installation certification/validation, and all recertification/revalidations, in order to detect any degradation to an unsafe condition, and that necessary changes have been made to restore the safety system to previous certification/validation levels. Vertical and inclined belts shall be enclosed by a guard conforming to standards in paragraphs (m) and (o) of this section. The driving flange shall be securely fastened to the spindle and the bearing surface shall run true. (B) The length of the hand tool shall be such as to ensure that the operator's hand will be detected for any safety distance required by the press set-ups. 1910.334 Use of equipment. 1910.218 Forging machines. Machine components shall be designed, secured, or covered to minimize hazards caused by breakage, or loosening and falling or release of mechanical energy (i.e. This subparagraph does not apply to manually operated sprockets. Workplace Violence. This portion of the guard shall be self-adjusting to raise and lower with the guide. A validation organization may be considered independent even if it has ties with manufacturers, employers or employee representatives if these ties are with at least two of these three groups; it has a board of directors (or equivalent leadership responsible for the certification/validation activities) which includes representatives of the three groups; and it has a binding commitment of funding for a period of three years or more. The validation organization or the validating laboratory shall own a registered certification/validation mark or logo. The validation organization shall assign overall responsibility for the validation of PSDI certification to an Administrative Director. The clearance between the edge of the rear table and the cutter head shall be not more than one-eighth inch. The ground shall be provided through use of a separate ground wire and polarized plug and receptacle. This table shows the distances that guards shall be positioned from the danger line in accordance with the required openings. (19) Die builder means any person who builds dies for power presses. (C) Maintain a certification record of each maintenance task performed under the directed component of the inspection program that includes the date of the maintenance task, the signature of the person who performed the maintenance task, and the serial number, or other identifier, of the power press maintained. After receipt of an application, OSHA may request additional information if it believes information relevant to the requirements for recognition have been omitted. 2. Note: These flanges may be clamped together by means of a central nut, or by a series of bolts or some other equivalent means of fastening. Pulley speeds. 1910.160 Fixed extinguishing systems, general. (iii) Types 16, 17, 18, 18R, and 19 cones, plugs, and threaded hole pot balls where the work offers protection. (iv) Records of the installation certification and validation and the most recent recertification and revalidation shall be maintained for each safety system equipped press by the employer as long as the press is in use. Shafting shall be kept in alignment, free from rust and excess oil or grease. See Table O-10. If the cone is located less than 3 feet from the floor or working platform, the cone pulley and belt shall be guarded to a height of 3 feet regardless of whether the belt is endless or laced with rawhide. The validation organization shall have a reasonable written procedure for acknowledging and processing appeals or complaints from program participants (manufacturers, producers, suppliers, vendors and employers) as well as other interested parties (employees or their representatives, safety personnel, government agencies, etc. Appendix B to Subpart T of Part 1910Guidelines for Scientific Diving (i) Overhead horizontal belts, with lower parts seven (7) feet or less from the floor or platform, shall be guarded on sides and bottom in accordance with paragraph (o)(3) of this section. (5) Ripping and ploughing shall be against the direction in which the saw turns. All applications submitted will be accepted by OSHA, and their receipt acknowledged in writing. (13) Cutting off wheels means wheels having diameter thickness and hole size dimensions and are subject to all limitations of mounting and use listed for type 1 wheels, the definition in subparagraph (1) of this paragraph and paragraph (d) of 1910.215. 1910.9 Compliance duties owed to each employee. (13) Control reliability. 1. C. Analyses may be used for certification/validation when existing data are available or when test is not feasible. 1910.16 Longshoring and marine terminals. (pounds per square inch) or greater. On offhand grinding machines, work rests shall be used to support the work. (ii) Spring counterbalances when used shall have the capability to hold the slide and its attachments at midstroke, without brake applied. Recording of inspections shall be in the form of a certification record which includes the date the inspection was performed, the signature of the person who performed the inspection and the serial number, or other identifier, of the equipment inspected. (3) Mill means a machine consisting of two adjacent metal rolls, set horizontally, which revolve in opposite directions (i.e., toward each other as viewed from above) used for the mechanical working of rubber and plastics compounds. If the validation organization has been recognized for more than one year, meets the requirements for expansion of recognition, and there is no evidence that the recognized validation organization has not been following the requirements of this appendix and the letter of recognition, an expansion will normally be granted. The Office of the Federal Register publishes documents on behalf of Federal agencies but does not have any authority over their programs. Compliance with 1910.217(h)(5)(iii) and (h)(9)(v). 553. For the purpose of demonstrating compliance with the reaction time required by 1910.217(h), the tests shall use the following definitions and requirements: a. (i) A main power disconnect switch capable of being locked only in the Off position shall be provided with every power press control system. (1) Determination of distance of travel. In all other industries, wood guards shall not be used. If you work for a Federal agency, use this drafting Appendix C to Subpart T of Part 1910Alternative Conditions Under 1910.401(a)(3) for Recreational Diving Instructors and Diving Guides (Mandatory). Installed in the front and in the back of each mill and located within 2 inches of a vertical plane tangent to the front and rear rolls. Dimensions of such flanges shall never be less than indicated. (5) Full revolution clutch means a type of clutch that, when tripped, cannot be disengaged until the crankshaft has completed a full revolution and the press slide a full stroke. The outside periphery of the enclosure shall be solid. e. The generation of the test signal introduced into the system for measuring reaction time shall be such that the initiation time can be established with an error of less than 0.5 percent of the reaction time measured. Showing movable guard with size of opening correct for full size wheel but too large for smaller wheels. For compliance with these requirements, the average value of the stopping time, Ts, shall be the arithmetic mean of at least 25 stops for each stop angle initiation measured with the brake and/or clutch unused, 50 percent worn, and 90 percent worn. This shall include the use of the test rod required by paragraph (h)(10)(i) of this section. (9) Flanges means collars, discs or plates between which wheels are mounted and are referred to as adaptor, sleeve, or back up type. 1910.2 Definitions. The objective of the certification/validation program is to demonstrate and document that the system satisfies specification and operational requirements for safe operations. The application, supporting documents, staff recommendation, statement of applicant's reasons, and any comments received, will be available for public inspection in the OSHA Docket Office. (e) The safety distance (Ds) from the sensing field to the point of operation shall be greater than the distance determined by the following formula: Ds = minimum safety distance (inches); 63 inches/second = hand speed constant; Ts = stopping time of the press measured at approximately 90 position of crankshaft rotation (seconds). The application need not be submitted on a Federal form. 1910.166-1910.168 [Reserved] (i) It shall be the responsibility of the employer to provide and insure the usage of point of operation guards or properly applied and adjusted point of operation devices on every operation performed on a mechanical power press. (4) Hand feeding tools. (iii) If two-hand trip systems are used on multiple operator presses, each operator shall have a separate set of controls. (5) Sharpening or tensioning of saw blades or cutters shall be done only by persons of demonstrated skill in this kind of work. 1910.1201 Retention of DOT markings, placards and labels. The provisions of paragraph (h) of this section shall apply to rivet making. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration's (OSHA's) requirements for machine guarding are found in 29 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 1910 Subpart O, Machinery and Machine Guarding as detailed below; 1910.211 Definitions; 1910.212 General requirements for all machines; . Flexible steel band brakes do not possess a long-term reliability against structural failure as compared to other types of brakes, and therefore are not acceptable on presses used in the PSDI mode of operation. (iv) There are three general types of flanges: (a) Straight relieved flanges (see Figure O-32); (b) Straight unrelieved flanges (see Figure O-30); (c) Adaptor flanges (see Figures O-33 and O-34); (v) Regardless of flange type used, the wheel shall always be guarded. (4) Exposed to contact means that the location of an object is such that a person is likely to come into contact with it and be injured. This preliminary decision will be sent to the applicant and subsequently published in the Federal Register. 1910.98 Effective dates. The materials and dimensions specified in this paragraph shall apply to all guards, except horizontal overhead belts, rope, cable, or chain guards more than seven (7) feet above floor, or platform. Similarly, only presses with a configuration such that a person's body cannot completely enter the bed area are approved for PSDI. 1910.180 Crawler locomotive and truck cranes. This requirement shall not apply to natural sandstone wheels or metal, wooden, cloth, or paper discs, having a layer of abrasive on the surface. The manufacturer shall design a test to demonstrate that the prescribed minimum object sensitivity of the presence sensing device is met. (vii) Means used to actuate press stroke (foot trip, foot control, hand trip, hand control, or other). This section covers the principal features with which power transmission safeguards shall comply. (vii) Material handling equipment shall be of adequate strength, size, and dimension to handle diesetting operations safely. (b) 12-inch diameter wheel, 1,000 revolutions per minute. Preliminary approval. (ii) Mounts which are affixed to the wheel by the manufacturer may not require an inside nut and shall not be reused. b. (1) Each hand-fed planer and jointer with horizontal head shall be equipped with a cylindrical cutting head, the knife projection of which shall not exceed one-eighth inch beyond the cylindrical body of the head. A recognized validation organization may change a test method of the PSDI safety system certification/validation program by notifying the Assistant Secretary of the change, certifying that the revised method will be at least as effective as the prior method, and providing the supporting data upon which its conclusions are based. . Conveyor Safety When used incorrectly, they can be dangerous. (ii) All guards for inclined belts shall be arranged in such a manner that a minimum clearance of seven (7) feet is maintained between belt and floor at any point outside of guard. Where the work is applied to the wheel above the horizontal centerline, the exposure of the grinding wheel periphery shall be as small as possible and shall not exceed 60. (ix) Barriers shall be fixed to the press frame or bolster to prevent personnel from passing completely through the sensing field, where safety distance or press configuration is such that personnel could pass through the PSDI presence sensing field and assume a position where the point of operation could be accessed without detection by the PSDI presence sensing device. (8) The practice of inserting wedges between the saw disk and the collar to form what is commonly known as a wobble saw shall not be permitted. (3) Guarding vertical and inclined shafting. Tight and loose pulleys on all new installations made on or after August 31, 1971, shall be equipped with a permanent belt shifter provided with mechanical means to prevent belt from creeping from loose to tight pulley. 1910.6 Incorporation by reference. Means must be provided to prevent tightener from falling, in case the belt breaks. 1910.11 Scope and purpose. Appendix C to Subpart L of Part 1910Fire Protection References For Further Information 20), and the openings shall be not greater than three-eighths inch. 1910.1025 Lead. Installed at front and back of each mill having a 46-inch roll height or over. (1) This section covers all types and shapes of power-transmission belts, except the following when operating at two hundred and fifty (250) feet per minute or less: (i) Flat belts one (1) inch or less in width. (3) Cylinder draining. Surface Feet per minute .262 12 1,000 = 3,144 s.f.p.m. This distance (three-eighths inch) may be increased to three-fourths inch, provided the lead edge of the hood is extended to be not less than 512 inches in front of the nip point between the front roll and the work. 1. 653, 655, 657; Secretary of Labor's Order No. Overhead-rope and chain-drive guard construction shall conform to the rules for overhead-belt guard. 10. (ii) Belt shifter and clutch handles shall be rounded and be located as far as possible from danger of accidental contact, but within easy reach of the operator. (i) Mechanical power presses used in the PSDI mode shall be operated under the control of a safety system which, in addition to meeting the applicable requirements of paragraphs (b)(13) and (c)(5) and other applicable provisions of this section, shall function such that a single failure or single operating error shall not cause injury to personnel from point of operation hazards. (10) It is recommended that each power-driven woodworking machine be provided with a disconnect switch that can be locked in the off position. The application for expansion will be acted upon and processed by OSHA in accordance with subsection I.B. In powerplants only the lower run of the belt need be guarded. (iii) The ram shall be blocked with a material the strength of which shall meet or exceed the specifications or dimensions shown in Table O-11. (4) Guide post hazard. (5) Power-transmission apparatus located in basements. Collars. It shall be readily accessible and operate whether pushed or pulled. Based upon this determination, a scale shall be developed to indicate the allowable 10 percent of the stopping time at the top of the stroke for slide or ram overtravel due to brake wear. (A) Where presses that have slide counterbalance systems are used in the PSDI mode, the counterbalance system shall also meet the requirements of paragraph (b)(9) of this section. The explanation and use of the scale shall be documented. Table O-9 - Minimum Basic Thicknesses of Peripheral and Side Members for Safety Guards. (vi) The employer shall notify the OSHA-recognized third-party validation organization within five days of the occurrence of any point of operation injury while a press is used in the PSDI mode. (ii) The motor start button shall be protected against accidental operation. Its hood shall be so designed that it will automatically cover the lower portion of the blade, so that when the saw is returned to the back of the table the hood will rise on top of the fence, and when the saw is moved forward the hood will drop on top of and remain in contact with the table or material being cut. (v) For cutting-off wheels larger than 16 inches diameter and where speed does not exceed 14,200 surface feet per minute, safety guards as specified in Figures O-27 and O-28, and in Table O-1 shall be used. Energy delivered during each stroke may be varied. (i) Both flanges, of any type, between which a wheel is mounted, shall be of the same diameter and have equal bearing surface. 1. (1) Veneer slicer knives shall be guarded to prevent accidental contact with knife edge, at both front and rear. (63) Authorized person means one to whom the authority and responsibility to perform a specific assignment has been given by the employer. It would normally be preferable to limit the adjustment of the time required in paragraph (h)(6)(vi) to a maximum of 15 seconds. (ii) Maximum hole size for cutting-off wheels should not be larger than 14-wheel diameter. the hierarchy of the document. (3) Each tenoning machine shall have all cutting heads, and saws if used, covered by metal guards. The visual check shall include a determination that the spring housing or rod does not show damage sufficient to degrade the structural integrity of the unit, and the spring does not show any tendency to interleave. (c) The safety distance (Ds) between each two hand control device and the point of operation shall be greater than the distance determined by the following formula: (d) Two hand controls shall be fixed in position so that only a supervisor or safety engineer is capable of relocating the controls. If there is a counterweight, the bolts supporting the bar and counterweight shall be provided with cotter pins; and the counterweight shall be prevented from dropping by either a bolt passing through both the bar and counterweight, or a bolt put through the extreme end of the bar, or, where the counterweight does not encircle the bar, a safety chain attached to it. (i) Expanded metal, sheet or perforated metal, and wire mesh shall be securely fastened to frame. tensile strength 60,000 p.s.i.). 1910.156 Fire brigades. The cables shall not be more than 72 inches above the level on which the operator stands. (29) Manual feeding means feeding wherein the material or part being processed is handled by the operator on each stroke of the press. Gears. Exceptions are set forth in the remaining subdivisions of this subparagraph. 1910.22 General requirements. It shall automatically adjust itself to the thickness of and remain in contact with the material being cut. The manufacturer's recommended procedures for maintenance and inspection should be closely followed. Where belt shifters are not directly located over a machine or bench, the handles shall be cut off six feet six inches (6 ft. 6 in.) All drip cups and pans shall be securely fastened. (3) Scrap handling. The areas covered by this set of standards include: The application shall identify the scope of the validation activity for which the applicant wishes to be recognized, based on one of the following alternatives: (1) Design Certification/Validation, Installation Certification/Validation, and Annual Recertification/Revalidation; (2) Design Certification/Validation only; or. (49) Single stroke means one complete stroke of the slide, usually initiated from a full open (or up) position, followed by closing (or down), and then a return to the full open position. The sides of the lower exposed portion of the blade shall be guarded to the full diameter of the blade by a device that will automatically adjust itself to the thickness of the stock and remain in contact with stock being cut to give maximum protection possible for the operation being performed. (2) Hand-operated gears. (2) Cold trimming presses. a. d. When the change of state is motion, the measurement shall be made at the completion of the motion. The sides of the trough shall come within at least six (6) inches of the underside of table, or if shafting is located near floor within six (6) inches of floor. (e) Cylinders, cup, or segmental wheels that are mounted in chucks. (ii) Where speeds above 250 feet per minute as measured on the surface of the drive roll are used, stopping distances of more than 134 percent are permissible. Where loose pulleys or idlers are not practicable, belt perches in form of brackets, rollers, etc., shall be used to keep idle belts away from the shafts. The interior surface of all guards, by which is meant the surface of the guard with which a belt will come in contact, shall be smooth and free from all projections of any character, except where construction demands it; protruding shallow roundhead rivets may be used.

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